With the fall equinox falling on 2 September 2025, now is the time for gardeners across the US to start thinking about the frost, early snow, and heavy rainfall expected for the incoming cold season.

On Thursday, the storm was bringing heavy snow and strong winds to the Sierra Nevada and heavy rainfall over parts of coastal southern California.

Across much of the western U.S., the prediction of seasonal water supply (defined here as April-July total streamflow volume) depends on annual snow accumulation, with snowmelt accounting for up to 70 ...