Animal bodies are hierarchically organised from molecules and cells through tissues, organs and whole systems. Cellular architecture—membranes, cytoskeletons and extracellular matrices—provides ...

The thyroid cartilage surrounds the thyroid gland in the middle of the throat. Its primary function is to protect and support the vocal cords. It is one of the laryngeal cartilages, which make up the ...

A snake and an earthworm may seem alike at a casual glance. Their bodies are long, slender and completely without limbs, ...

The functions of biomolecules, including lipids, nucleic acids and especially proteins are determined to a great extent by their structure. This structure–function relationship is a foundation of many ...

An essential component of the lymphatic system, the thymus, a pyramid-shaped organ located in the thoracic cavity, is responsible for producing T-cells. For centuries, the thymus was believed to be an ...